Differences Between Dual Federalism And Cooperative...

What are the differences between dual federalism and cooperative federalism? Be sure to fully address what federalism is and why it was created. 1000 words. Dual federalism is a term used to describe a circumstance in which national and state governments are sovereign and equal within their constitutionally allocated spheres of authority. Federalism is a concept that refers to a system of government in which power is shared between the national and non-national governments. Cooperative Federalism is a model of federalism in which all governments are linked and participate in the administration of programs. Creative federalism was a term used to describe the Great Society program of Lyndon Johnson. President Johnson sought to devolve powers to the states using creative federalism. The devolution of responsibilities to the states began under President Nixon but were accelerated in the 1980s under President Reagan. Ronald Reagan s brand of new federalism dramatically decreased the use of categorical grants. Federalism under President Obama is still in the development stage, but the 2009 Federal Stimulus Plan can best be described as new federalism, creative, federalism, and general revenue sharing. There are four controversial examples of federalism at work today. A good example of federalism is usage of marijuana. Federalism, with its dual sovereignty, can create a patchwork of conflicting laws between the states as well as between the states and federal government.Show MoreRelatedDifference Between Dual And Cooperative Federalism848 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER THREE JOURNAL QUESTIONS: 1. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A UNITARY AND A FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT? The primary difference in these two models is their lines of power. In a unitary form of government, the central government has power over the state government, who in turn (and in a limited sense), then has power over the governed citizen. Here, the line of power follows a linear tier. Differing from this is a federal system of power, wherein central and state government share powerRead MoreDual Federalism And Cooperative Federalism1280 Words   |  6 Pages2. Please explain the differences in these three stages of federalism – dual federalism, cooperative federalism, and regulated federalism. Dual Federalism was the form of government used from 1789 to 1937 where fundamental governmental powers were shared between the state and federal governments, with the states having the most important powers. Cooperative Federalism existed during the New Deal era, in which grants-in-aid have been used strategically to encourage states to pursue nationally definedRead MoreFederalism Is Overrated 619 Words   |  2 PagesAmerican Government† federalism â€Å"is a form of government that apportions sovereign power across at no less than two political elements such as national and regional.† In the situation of the United States, power is divided between a central government and sub divisional governments so that each government has some independent authority. In the case of dual federalism, which began roughly in 1789 and lasted through World War II. Dual federalism also known as the â€Å"layer cake† federalism â€Å"posits on havingRead MoreFederalism Vs. Cooper ative Federalism1148 Words   |  5 PagesFederalism is a critically important concept in helping to understanding the American political system. The Founding Fathers of the United States had to answer important questions on how to handle power and responsibility between the states and national government. They did not want to have a situation where the federal government had all the power. They had just fought a war against Britain because of that idea. However, they did not want each individual state doing essentially whatever they wantedRead MoreThe U. S. Constitution1506 Words   |  7 Pagesexample. People travel from coast to coast and it almost seems like a different world on the other side. There is so much diversity and culture differences that when comparing the contention in writing of the constitution we had to look at it from many different points of view. Topic #6. Identify the purposes elections serve and explain the relationship between elections and majoritarian and pluralist models of democracy. A country that fights for it’s rights and honors their troops so that we theRead MoreEssay on United States Government and Federalism1473 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States has grappled with the idea of federalism. While former President James Madison had a very concrete understanding of that form of governance, â€Å"In the compound republic of America, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then portion allotted to each subdivided among distinct and separate departments† (Madison, 1788, p. 67), the United States has never had a conclusive division of power between the state and the US Federal Governments.Read MorePolitics And Action : Aiding Disaster Victims1601 Words   |  7 PagesPg. 64-77 Politics in Action: Aiding Disaster Victims †¢ After the famous Hurricane Katrina struck, the political after effects caused nothing but chaos. o This caused a huge dispute between the national government and smaller state governments over forming a Louisiana National Guard. †¢ Overall, this caused a huge uproar since the people all over America were forced to watch the state of Louisiana while the federal government just sat and waited. †¢ This is important because it brings up the ideaRead MoreThe Important Role of Federalism in the Development and Ongoing Prosperity of the United States2187 Words   |  9 PagesFederalism plays an integral part in the growth and development of the United States of America and is a key factor in determining the basis of power in this country. Clearly, the term federalism can be understood in many different ways pertaining to each persons view, but it can be more broadly defined in terms of the separation between the state and federal government. Thomas E. Patterson defines federalism as, â€Å"the division of sovereignty, or ultimate governing authority, between a nationalRead MoreShould We Still Have States? Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagespart of our governmental structure: however, the relationship between states and the Federal Government has changed over time. Framers of our Constitution and the country, such as Hamilton and Madison, disagreed over the role of govern ment and which level of government was best suited to serve citizens. Nevertheless, states were kept as a key component of our government system. The American form of federalism and the balance of power between states and the Federal Government has also changed as theRead MoreUs History Midterm Review777 Words   |  4 PagesMidterm Study Guide General Government: 1. What were the Articles of Confederation? 2. Explain the roles of the three branches of the US government play? 3. Explain the political concept of Federalism 4. Be able to differentiate between Dual Federalism Cooperative Federalism (cake?) 5. What purpose does the Bill of Rights serve? 6. Identify the two houses of Congress and the term length of each. 7. What percentage of Congress has to vote to override a veto? Reconstruction:

Analysis How the First Christian Books Were Written...

An Analysis of How the First Christian Books Were Written, Collected, and Preserved It is no secret that Scripture was written by Christs disciples but tradition tells us that it is the inspired word of God. Scripture itself has been handed down to us through the centuries by the Christian Church. It was the early Church, founded by Jesus Christ (as the Bible itself illustrates), which first gathered all the books of the Bible and gave its authoritative pronouncement that these books were the inspired Word of God and that they alone constituted the written deposit of faith to which nothing more would be added till the end of time. The Christian Church retained sole authority over the Bible and all interpretation was performed by it. Such was the case throughout the centuries until the Protestant Reformation institutionalized the idea of private interpretation. Prior to this, however, there was one doctrine and one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church. This doctrine could be found everywhere that the early Church spread. It existed not only in Scripture but also in the teachings of Tradition as passed down by Christian writers like Augustine, Basil, and John Chrysostom. Like Scripture, their books were collected and preserved not because they were believed to be the Word of God but because they contained clear and erudite explanations of the doctrine of God. This paper will examine how the first Christian Books were written, preserved, and collected. The first ChristianShow MoreRelatedCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagesthese essays in book form is not intended to give them a greater importance as a whole than would be due to each individually. For the most part they are attempts, arising out of actual work for the party, to clarify the theoretical problems of the revolutionary movement in the mind ,of the author and his readers. The exceptions to this are the two essays Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat and Towards a Methodology of the Problem of Organisation which were both wr itten specially forRead MoreStylistic Analysis10009 Words   |  41 PagesConclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦29-30 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦31-32 Introduction The theme of the course paper is concerned with the stylistic analysis of five poems by different authors (D.H. Lawrence, H.W. Longfellow, R. Burns, Ch. Kingsley, B. Googe). The issue of stylistics and stylistic analysis has been extensively studied in recent years and the problem of stylistics has been a subject of special interest. Various scientific paradigms, trends andRead MoreLiterature and Politics the Impact of Dostoevsky9582 Words   |  39 PagesRohrschach Test, whose apt title highlights the fact that opinions about Dostoevsky often tell us more about the observer than about Dostoevsky.3 The very plethora of views is testimony to the suggestive power of Dostoevsky, just as the continued flow of books and articles on his work demonstrates that he remains an active force on the modern consciousness. But is he relevant to the student of politics? On this question, as on most others, well qualified observers stand in confrontation. Ronald Hingley,Read MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words   |  336 PagesGame Theory and Economic Analysis Game Theory and Economic Analysis presents the wide range of current contributions of game theory to economics. The chapters fall broadly into two categories. Some lay out in a jargon-free manner a particular branch of the theory, the evolution of one of its concepts, or a problem that runs through its development. Others are original pieces of work that are signiï ¬ cant to game theory as a whole. After taking the reader through a concise history of gameRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 PagesCouncil on Bioethics: 39 The European Union’s: 43 2.22- GENETICAL BEHAVIOR: 44 2.23- ETHICS OF BEHAVIOR HAS A BIOLOGICAL BASIS? 47 Behavioural Ethics And Genetics Study: 48 Implications of Behavioural Genetics Research In Society: 50 How the genes influence behaviour and ethics: 52 2.3- PHILOSOPHICAL: 55 2.31- Contribution Of In Ethics By The Source Of Philosophical Systems: 55 2.32- Contribution of Aristotle: 57 2.33- Contributions By Other Important Philosophers: 58 Read MoreFeminine Mystique12173 Words   |  49 PagesRosie to Lucy Questions students must answer in a 500-word (minimum) essay: 1) Describe the post-WWII frustrations felt by women such as Betty Friedan. 2) During the era of â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, what gains did women make in the workforce? How did these women feel about themselves and their contributions? What did society as a whole think? 3) What role did mass media play during the 1950s and 1960s in regard to supporting or undermining the â€Å"feminine mystique†? 4) Which television heroineRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 PagesUniversity, 2010-2011) A statement of purpose focuses on your academic interests and accomplishments, though you may use ―Iâ€â€" and include a personal anecdote or two, while a personal statement includes more autobiographical material and may be written as a personal narrative. A quality statement of purpose will distinguish you from the other 150 to 400 applicants competing for the 10 to 20 spots in an average- to large-sized graduate program (―Preparing Your Statement of Purpose Personal Statementâ€â€")Read MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesTalismans Picatrix Astrological Magic Aphorisms Extracts on Planetary Ritual Clothing Twenty Two Benefic Astrological Talismans Astrology, Magical Talismans and the Mansions of the Moon Ritual of Jupiter An Astrological Election of Mercury in the First Face of Virgo for Wealth and Growth XIV. Invocation of Mercury On the Decans and Tarot XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. A Brief History of Tarot The Decans in Astrology Overview of Recent Tarot Works That Reference the Picatrix Magical Uses of the Tarot ColophonRead MoreSales and Inventory System for Avon Imus11657 Words   |  47 Pagesthe scope of planning sales and inventory control. The study of sales and inventory is only within Avon – Imus Branch. The proponents will also incorporate data reporting by producing hard copies. The system has four different types of level access. First, is the Administrator or Admin account, second is the Inventory account, third is the Cashier account and the fourth is Dealer account. Modules: File – 3 sub menus: Sales, Inventory and Logout. a) Sales – Admin or Administrators and Cashier accountsRead MoreLenin13422 Words   |  54 Pagesof the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the world s first constitutionally socialist state. Immediately afterwards, the new government under Lenin s leadership proceeded to implement socialist reforms, including the transfer of estates and crown lands to workers soviets. Faced with the threat of German invasion, he argued that Russia should immediately sign a peace treaty—which led to Russia s exit from the First World War. In 1921 Lenin proposed the New Economic Policy, a system

Chinese Cinderella Free Essays

Chinese Cinderella Essay In the book, â€Å"Chinese Cinderella,’ by Adeline Yen Mah, there are many things that happen to Adeline throughout her life. The book is based on the original Chinese Cinderella, had a similar life to Adeline. Both were maltreated by their stepmothers, both original mothers die and both gradually become more powerful and renowned throughout their lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese Cinderella or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two girls were severely maltreated by their stepmothers throughout their childhood years. Chinese Cinderella, Ye Xian, was bullied by her stepmother. In the letter from Aunt Baba about the Chinese Cinderella, it said, â€Å"Her stepmother maltreated her, showing preference for her own daughter. † So what Ye Xian’s stepmother did was, she ate Ye Xian’s only friend, her goldfish, then she hid it but then Ye Xian found out. Adeline Yen Mah was also maltreated by her stepmother. Her stepmother was always biased and only treated her own children and the elder children (siblings of Adeline) well. For example, Niang never gave her any tram money but she gave it to the other children. Also, Niang and her father never cared for her when she was young. What Adeline’s parents did affected her a lot in life. Adeline would strive to achieve more throughout her time at school to show what she could do, which made her more confident to work harder and have a better future. Both of the girls’ mothers die when the girls were very young. Ye Xian’s mother died first, and then her dad passed away a short time later. So the only carer for Ye Xian was her father’s other wife, her stepmother. She had her own child and didn’t care much for her, leaving Ye Xian on her own. Adeline’s mother died when Adeline wasn’t even in kindergarten yet. But Adeline wasn’t told much about her mother, even how her mother looked. On page 3, it said, â€Å"Do you have a picture of my dead mama? † But her aunt hesitated a bit and said no. This changed Adeline’s life because this could have made her work a lot harder at school so she could get a good job and try to recover her mother’s history. The two girls were afraid and weak when they were young but proved they could do well and become powerful when they got mature. Ye Xian was a professional at being a potter. She made many pots once and traded them for a pair of golden shoes. She wore them to a festival but lost one. A warlord found out it was Ye Xian’s shoe and married her. This is how Ye Xian was successful at the end. Adeline Yen Mah also became powerful at the end after all the years of suffering. She got very good marks at school and entered a writing contest once and won first prize. Her father was proud of her for one time and let her go to university in England. She was successful and got married and became a mother, which was a very big responsibility for her. How they became powerful was a big step for the two girls because they could have courage in themselves, giving them more opportunities they had never done before and not be afraid to encounter problems. I think that Aunt Baba sent her this story because she wanted to tell Adeline she wasn’t the only person that was treated that way and wanted to give her more faith in herself. In conclusion, Chinese Cinderella and Adeline Yen Mah had pretty much the same life, but just different people in their stories. How to cite Chinese Cinderella, Essay examples Chinese Cinderella Free Essays Adeline Yen Mah’s novel Chinese Cinderella is an autobiographical novel about ‘the secret story of an unwanted daughter. ’ The novel is memorable because the story is intriguing and it is also historical as it depicts the chaos of China in the early 1940s. The novel is also remarkable for its strong depiction of characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese Cinderella or any similar topic only for you Order Now The novel is based on a girl called Adeline who is neglected and unloved by her family members. There are few people who love her. Adeline’s family considers her bad luck because they believe she killed her mother. Big Sister [tells] me, ‘†¦ Mama died giving birth to you. If you had not been born, Mama would still be alive. She died because of you. You are bad luck. † (Yen Mah, 1999:3). Chinese Cinderella is the story of Adeline’s struggle for acceptance and how she overcomes the odds to prove she is worth a chance. She does this by excelling in her studies at school. She is born the fifth child to a wealthy Chinese family where her life began tragically due to her mother’s death. She then struggles to find a place where she feels she belongs. With no love given from her parents, she finds a special relationship with her grandfather and Aunt Baba, who she is later separated from. She is then sent to a convent boarding school in Tianjin where the communists enter under their leader Mao Ze-Dong. Soon she is the only child left in the convent due to communism. After many months she is collected by Aunt Reine Schilling who is Niang’s sister. â€Å"Adeline! ’ she smiled and greeted me in English. ‘†¦ Do you remember me? I am Aunt Reine Schilling, your Niang’s older sister. ’†¦ ‘Come here! Don’t be afraid! †¦ (Yen Mah, 1999:154). Adeline was then taken to Hong Kong. The characters in Chinese Cinderella are portrayed very well. Every character is three dimensional. The horror of Adeline’s life is depicted vividly in the novel. The characters in this novel vary in personalities. The aspect of the story that impacts on the reader is the terrible treatment Adeline endured. Niang, who is the stepmother, has a particular hatred towards Adeline. Her father, who is a mysterious character loves her at times and at others uncaring towards Adeline. â€Å"Is this medal for topping your class? he asked. I nodded eagerly, too excited to speak. † (Yen Mah, 1999:11). This was the only time he congratulated Adeline. Adeline has three brothers and one sister. She is attached to Aunt Baba most who is a loving character. She shows great love and affection towards Adeline unlike her other family members. Her grandfather (Ye Ye) is one of her most passionate supporters throughout the story. Her grandfather believed in her so much that Adeline said â€Å"And if I should be so lucky as to succeed one day, it [is] only be because you [believe] in me. † (Yen Mah, 1999:208). This proves the influence her grandfather had on her. Chinese Cinderella is so well written that one could envisage what China was like in the early 1940s. In the late 1930s to the early 1940s China was a strict society. People expect you to be obedient and respectful. Adeline’s life starts in Tianjin where she is born. She studies kindergarten with her older sister Lydia at St Joseph’s French Convent School. As soon as she starts school she shows her talent and skills. â€Å"What’s that hanging on your dress? † â€Å"It’s something special that Mother Agnes gave me in front of the whole class this afternoon. She called it an award. † My aunt looked thrilled. â€Å"So soon? You only started kindergarten one week ago. What is it for? † â€Å"It’s for topping my class this week†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Yen Mah, 1999:1) Adeline continues her success at school. A few months later in early 1942 Adeline’s Nai Nai dies of a massive stroke. Adeline’s family is planning to move to Shanghai due to the Japanese communists but waited six weeks till after Nai Nai’s funeral. Then Adeline, Big Sister, Big Brother and Second Brother left to Shanghai to live with Niang. On the way to Shanghai â€Å"[They] were delighted and astonished†¦ (Yen Mah, 1999:24) when they came face to face with their father. Even in Shanghai Adeline continues to succeed at school. The reader can imagine the conditions to which Adeline was subjected. One could imagine the misery of having to walk home from kindergarten. One afternoon, â€Å"Not long after Father and Niang [return] from Tianj in, Mr and Mrs Huang [come] to visit. They [bring] gifts for all seven of us children in a large cardboard box with several holes punched in the lid†¦When we [open] the gift from the Huangs, we [are] delighted to find seven little baby ducklings. (Yen Mah, 1999: 83). Adeline names her duckling PLT (Precious Little Treasure). After a few days Adeline’s father suggests testing Jackie’s, the pet dog’s obedience after dinner. He orders fourth brother to fetch a duckling and he came down with PLT. That night is PLT’s death. Fourth brother has been with Adeline during PLT’s funeral. Soon Niang decides to get Lydia married. After the wedding Niang moves Adeline into Tianjin and sends her to a convent boarding school. By December that year she is the only student left due to the communists. Aunt Jeane Schilling comes to pick her up and take her to Hong Kong where she studies secondary school. Later Adeline studies medicine in England. The language in Chinese Cinderella successfully describes Adeline’s life, particularly the hardships. Upon hearing that Adeline wins the writing competition and her father being pleased she imagines, â€Å"[Her] whole being [vibrates] with all the joy in the world. I only [have] to stretch out my hand to reach the stars. † (Yen Mah, 1999:220). This quotation means that Adeline feels as though all the joy is inside her. She had so much joy she is vibrating. She thought the joy lied in the stars, which she obtains by stretching towards the sky. The language is also very emotive because the novel describes the feelings of every character, such as the scene when Adeline’s little duckling PLT is killed by their dog. â€Å"I [am] overwhelmed with horror. My whole world [turns] desolate. † (Yen Mah, 1999: 96). Adeline says this in a very small amount of words, but it is so descriptive you can feel the emotion. This quotation means that she is suffering through too much horror and sadness to cope with. Adeline felt that the whole world was deserted, nothing but grief. Through the language the reader is able to resonate with the hardships Adeline endured. Chinese Cinderella is a novel which depicts the chaos of China in the early 1940s. It is an autobiographical novel telling the story of an unwanted daughter. The novel is memorable because the language is captivating. Chinese Cinderella is remarkable for its strong interpretation of the characters. How to cite Chinese Cinderella, Essay examples